four questions about virus bacteria and living species with specific explanation

Question 1: Rotten fruit tastes so bad you probably couldn’t choke it down if you had to.

a. What is making the fruit taste terrible?

b. Why is it doing that?

Question 2: Some people say that virus aren’t alive.

a. Why would they say that?

b. How do viruses reproduce themselves?

Question 3: Bacteria are very successful organisms.

a. Why are they so successful?

b. If they are everywhere, how come we don’t get bacterial infections constantly?

Question 4: California has many interesting ecosystems and endemic species.

a. What characteristics does California have that result in such diversity?

b. What are the major threats to California’s endemic plants and animals?