what were the forces or issues that led to the protestant reformation in europe and how were these articulated by martin luther how did the catholic church respond to this challenge to its authority what were the longer terms effects of the reformatio 1

Essay topic:

What were the forces or issues that led to the Protestant Reformation in Europe and how were these articulated by Martin Luther? How did the Catholic Church respond to this challenge to its authority? What were the longer terms effects of the Reformation across Europe, for example in England, France, and Germany?

You need answer all of question in the topic, and write in the essay.

It is a History in-class essay. Please write around 500 words , and looks like it is written on the exam in the class.